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Histidine is an essential amino acid. 

Histidine is not naturally made in the body. It must be consumed through dietary means to support vital organ functions. 

Histidine is necessary for synthesizing proteins, and a deficiency in histidine can result in anemia and other concerns such as gastric hypochlorhydria. 

Roles of Histidine:

• Repairs damaged tissue
• Creates blood cells
• Speeds up recovery of wounds
• Improves cognitive function 
• Responsible for the synthesis of proteins
• Enhances insulin resistance

Isoleucine is an essential amino acid and one of the three branched-chain amino acids. This amino acid is vital for muscle growth and recovery. 

It is also critical in physiological functions, like aiding in protein and fatty acid metabolism, and it has been discovered that isoleucine can restore the damage of pathogens on health.  

Roles of Isoleucine:

• Helps make hemoglobin
• Controls blood sugar levels
• Boosts energy
• Improves endurance and athletic performance 
• Supports muscle development
• Maintains immune function

Leucine is an essential amino acid and branched-chain amino acid. This amino acid is crucial as it is necessary for protein synthesis. 

Due to its energy production and recovery benefits, it is one of the most utilized amino acids for muscle gain, training, and athletic performance. 

Roles of Leucine:

• Regulates protein synthesis, metabolism, and tissue regeneration
• Can be used to generate ATP
• Improves athletic performance
• Boosts fat loss
• Stabilizes blood sugar levels
• Aids in muscle recovery

Lysine is an essential amino acid, lysine, is used to create carnitine, a substance that aids in converting body fat into energy.

It is required to form collagen and improves wound healing by speeding up the healing process. 

Roles of Lysine:

• Aids in the formation of collagen
• Used to create carnitine 
• Lowers levels of cortisol 
• Supports wound healing 
• Required for the formation of collagen

Methionine is an essential amino acid that is unique in that it contains sulfur. It is crucial for the body because it produces sulfur-containing molecules essential for DNA and cell function. 

Only methionine and cysteine, which also contains sulfur, can produce these molecules. 

Roles of Methionine:

• Produces molecules for cell and DNA function
• Makes new proteins inside cells
• Helps break down fats
• Aids the digestive system
• Supports liver health 

Phenylalanine is important for many reasons. One example is that phenylalanine is necessary for producing other molecules such as dopamine, tyrosine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. 

When there is dysfunction concerning these molecules, it can cause adverse health effects such as depression. 

Roles of Phenylalanine:

• Used in the processes of making other molecules
• Promotes healthy mood
• Alleviates chronic pain
• Used to reduce symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, osteoarthritis, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and multiple sclerosis

Threonine is one of the nine essential amino acids. It supports many functions in the body, including the immune and digestive systems. 

This amino acid is also responsible for maintaining skin, muscle tissue, and teeth health. 

Roles of Threonine:

• Maintains healthy skin, teeth, and muscle tissue
• Aids in digestion and metabolism 
• Prevents fat buildup in the liver 
• Boosts the immune system 
• Enhances muscle strength 

Tryptophan is used by the body to make two important hormones: melatonin and serotonin. Melatonin regulates the timing of the body’s circadian rhythm, which can directly affect sleep quality. Serotonin is a hormone and neurotransmitter that sends signals to the nerve cells and regulates multiple bodily functions, including mood and sleep.

Roles of Tryptophan:

• Used to make serotonin and melatonin
• Improves sleep and mood
• Reduces symptoms of PMS
• Enhances athletic performance 

Valine is an essential amino acid and another of the branched-chain amino acids. 

This vital amino acid is productive in enhancing athletic performance by producing energy and aiding recovery.

Roles of Valine:

• Supplies the muscles with glucose for energy production
• Enhances athletic performance
• Improves gut health
• Aids in muscle tissue recovery and repair
• Lowers elevated blood sugar levels
• Boosts growth hormone production 

Alanine is a nonessential amino acid that acts as the building block for protein. It is one of the simplest amino acids with a methyl group as its side chain. Methyl groups are important for processes related to liver detoxification, gene expression, neurotransmitter synthesis, and epigenetics. 

Roles of Alanine:

• Source of energy for the central nervous system and muscles
• Strengthens the immune system
• Decrease muscle fatigue 
• Manages blood sugar levels 

Arginine is a nonessential amino acid that is also one of the conditionally essential amino acids, arginine transforms into nitric oxide in the body. It is one of the building blocks of protein that is often used to improve circulation. 

Roles of Arginine:

• Improves circulation
• Beneficial for sexual function
• Promotes muscle repair 
• Decreases inflammation 
• Stimulates the release of insulin and growth hormones

Asparagine is a nonessential amino acid, asparagine, is produced by the body. It is a necessary component in making neurotransmitters crucial for signaling to the brain. 

Individuals with asparagine synthetase deficiency often have symptoms such as weak muscle tone (hypotonia) and exaggerated reflexes (hyperreflexia) which can ultimately lead to paralysis of the arms and legs (spastic quadriplegia). 

Roles of Asparagine:

• Breaks down toxic ammonia within cells
• Produces neurotransmitters
• Aids in equilibrium maintenance 
• Maintains metabolism activities in the brain 
• Combats fatigue
• Protects the liver 

Aspartic Acid is another nonessential amino acid, aspartic acid, is crucial for making other amino acids. It synthesizes four essential amino acids, isoleucine, threonine, methionine, and lysine, which are significant in the health of vital organs and their systems. 

Roles of Aspartic Acid:

• Helps make other amino acids
• Sends chemical signals through the nervous system
• Supports energy production
• Enhances athletic performance
• Regulates hormones
• Synthesizes proteins 

Cysteine is one of the nonessential amino acids that is classified as a conditionally essential amino acid. This amino acid has powerful antioxidant nutritional benefits that are used to reduce the risk of cancer, diabetes, a stroke. 

Roles of Cysteine:

• Reduces signs of aging in the skin
• Promotes healthy hair and reduces hair loss
• Protects the digestive system 
• Important in wound healing processes
• Regulates activity in the immune system 
• Reduces the risk of stroke
• Treats chronic inflammation 

Glutamic acid is a nonessential amino acid that acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter in the nervous system. This means the neurotransmitters actively engage the neurons to send messages passed on to other cells. Glutamic acid is crucial for the body’s processes as it aids nerve cells in sending and receiving information to promote action, learning, and memory. 

Roles of Glutamic Acid:

Plays a role in brain, metabolism, and cardiac processes

Used in protein biosynthesis in the human body

Keeps the skin’s pH value intact

The main excitatory neurotransmitter of the central nervous system

Glycine is a nonessential amino acid that acts as a conditionally essential amino acid in times of stress or injury. 

This amino acid is a neurotransmitter critical to the body’s processes for synthesizing the antioxidant glutathione. 

Glutathione is a powerful antioxidant that fights free radicals that can cause oxidative stress, damage DNA, and cause cancer. 

Roles of Glycine:

• Contributes to cellular growth 
• Synthesizes glutathione 
• A neurotransmitter for the central nervous system
• Building blocks for proteins that are needed for hormone and tissue maintenance
• Used to make creatine
• The primary amino acid in collagen

Arginine is a nonessential amino acid that is also one of the conditionally essential amino acids, arginine transforms into nitric oxide in the body. It is one of the building blocks of protein that is often used to improve circulation. 

Roles of Arginine:

• Improves circulation
• Beneficial for sexual function
• Promotes muscle repair 
• Decreases inflammation 
• Stimulates the release of insulin and growth hormones 

Cysteine is one of the nonessential amino acids that is classified as a conditionally essential amino acid. 

This amino acid has powerful antioxidant nutritional benefits that are used to reduce the risk of cancer, diabetes, a stroke. 

Roles of Cysteine:

• Reduces signs of aging in the skin
• Promotes healthy hair and reduces hair loss
• Protects the digestive system 
• Important in wound healing processes
• Regulates activity in the immune system 
• Reduces the risk of stroke
• Treats chronic inflammation 

Glutamine is a conditionally essential amino acid that is typically a nonessential amino acid.

Glutamine is necessary for maintaining muscle protein. It is also vital for supporting immune function during stress or sickness. 

Roles of Glutamine:

• Removes excess ammonia from the body
• Aids the immune system and its processes
• Maintains muscles protein 
• Stimulates protein synthesis 

Tyrosine is a conditionally essential amino acid, tyrosine, acts as a chemical messenger to the brain. It serves as one of the building blocks of protein. 

Tyrosine also produces melanin, thyroid hormones, and enzymes, which are important in bodily processes like regulating metabolism.  

Roles of Tyrosine:

• Helps produce enzymes, melanin, and thyroid hormones
• Improves mood
• Reduces stress

Glycine is a nonessential amino acid that acts as a conditionally essential amino acid in times of stress or injury. 

This amino acid is a neurotransmitter critical to the body’s processes for synthesizing the antioxidant glutathione. 

Glutathione is a powerful antioxidant that fights free radicals that can cause oxidative stress, damage DNA, and cause cancer. 

Roles of Glycine:

• Contributes to cellular growth 
• Synthesizes glutathione 
• A neurotransmitter for the central nervous system
• Building blocks for proteins that are needed for hormone and tissue maintenance
• Used to make creatine
• The primary amino acid in collagen

Proline is another nonessential amino acid that acts as a conditionally essential amino acid. 

It plays an active role in protein synthesis, wound healing, and immune responses. 

Due to these significant qualities, proline becomes essential during times of stress, illness, or injury.  

Roles of Proline:

• Promotes wound healing
• Strengthens immune responses
• Plays a role in protein synthesis and structure
• Needed to make collagen
• Benefits digestive health

Serine is a conditionally essential amino acid important in numerous bodily processes, including protein synthesis. 

It is especially significant in cognitive processes, such as improving cerebral blood flow and reducing symptoms of neuropathological conditions. 

Individuals who suffer from serine deficiency may show signs of intellectual disability, seizures, developmental delay, or spastic quadriplegia. 

Roles of Serine:

• Important in multiple body processes
• Lowers inflammation
• Reduces symptoms of neuropathological conditions
• Improves sleep
• Relieves stress

Valine is an essential amino acid and another of the branched-chain amino acids. 

This vital amino acid is productive in enhancing athletic performance by producing energy and aiding recovery.

Roles of Valine:

• Supplies the muscles with glucose for energy production
• Enhances athletic performance
• Improves gut health
• Aids in muscle tissue recovery and repair
• Lowers elevated blood sugar levels
• Boosts growth hormone production 

Isoleucine is an essential amino acid and one of the three branched-chain amino acids. This amino acid is vital for muscle growth and recovery. 

It is also critical in physiological functions, like aiding in protein and fatty acid metabolism, and it has been discovered that isoleucine can restore the damage of pathogens on health.  

Roles of Isoleucine:

• Helps make hemoglobin
• Controls blood sugar levels
• Boosts energy
• Improves endurance and athletic performance 
• Supports muscle development
• Maintains immune function

Leucine is an essential amino acid and branched-chain amino acid. This amino acid is crucial as it is necessary for protein synthesis. 

Due to its energy production and recovery benefits, it is one of the most utilized amino acids for muscle gain, training, and athletic performance. 

Roles of Leucine:

• Regulates protein synthesis, metabolism, and tissue regeneration
• Can be used to generate ATP
• Improves athletic performance
• Boosts fat loss
• Stabilizes blood sugar levels
• Aids in muscle recovery